P U R E   M A T H E M A T I C S

PMATH 300s


PMATH 320 LEC,TUT 0.50
Course ID: 015485
Euclidean Geometry
Euclid's axioms, triangle centres, conic sections, compass-and-straightedge constructions, isometries of the Euclidean plane and of Euclidean space, regular and star-shaped polygons, tessellations of the Euclidean plane, regular and quasi-regular polyhedra, symmetries of polygons and polyhedra, four-dimensional polytopes, sphere packings, and the kissing problem. Applications.
[Note: This course will be of interest to all math students.]
Prereq: (MATH 106 or 114 or 115 or 136 or 146 or 215 or NE 112) and (MATH 104 or 109 or 116 or 117 or 124 or 127 or 137 or 147)

 
PMATH 321 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 015486
Non-Euclidean Geometry
An introduction to three types of non-Euclidean geometry: spherical, projective and hyperbolic geometry. Lines, distances, circles, triangles, and areas in these non-Euclidean spaces. Conic sections in the projective plane. Inversions and orthogonal circles. Models of the hyperbolic plane (such as the Poincaré disc model or the upper-half plane model). Tilings of the hyperbolic plane.
[Note: This course will be of interest to all math students.]
Prereq: (MATH 106 or 114 or 115 or 136 or 146 or 215 or NE 112) and (MATH 104 or 109 or 116 or 117 or 124 or 127 or 137 or 147).
Antireq: PMATH 360.

 
PMATH 330 LEC,TST 0.50
Course ID: 007659
Introduction to Mathematical Logic
A broad introduction to mathematical logic. The notions of logical consequence and derivation are introduced in the settings of propositional and first order logic, with discussions of the completeness theorem and satisfiability.
[Note: PMATH 432 may be substituted for PMATH 330 whenever the latter is a requirement in an Honours plan.]
Prereq: (MATH 135 or 145) and (MATH 225 or 235 or 245); Not open to Computer Science students.
Antireq: CS 245/245E, SE 212.

 
PMATH 331 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 003323
Applied Real Analysis
Topology of Euclidean spaces, continuity, norms, completeness. Contraction mapping principle. Fourier series. Various applications, for example, to ordinary differential equations, optimization and numerical approximation.
[Note: PMATH 351 may be substituted for AMATH/PMATH 331 whenever the latter is a requirement in an Honours plan. Offered: F,W]
Prereq: MATH 237 or 247
(Cross-listed with AMATH 331)

 
PMATH 332 LEC,TST,TUT 0.50
Course ID: 003324
Applied Complex Analysis
Complex numbers, Cauchy-Riemann equations, analytic functions, conformal maps and applications to the solution of Laplace's equation, contour integrals, Cauchy integral formula, Taylor and Laurent expansions, residue calculus and applications.
[Note: PMATH 352 may be substituted for AMATH/PMATH 332 whenever the latter is a requirement in an Honours plan. Offered: W,S]
Prereq: MATH 237 or 247.
Antireq: PHYS 365
(Cross-listed with AMATH 332)

 
PMATH 333 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 015092
Introduction to Real Analysis
The purpose of the course is to present the familiar concepts of calculus at a rigorous level and to provide students who took the MATH 137/MATH 138/MATH 237 sequence with the background needed to be successful in PMATH 351 and PMATH 352. Topics discussed include the completeness properties of the reals; the density of the rationals; the topology of real n-dimensional space: open and closed sets, connectedness, compactness (by open covers), the Heine-Borel theorem, completeness; sequences in real n-dimensional space: convergence, Cauchy sequences, subsequences, the Bolzano-Weierstrass theorem; multivariable functions: limits, point-wise and uniform continuity, the extreme value theorem, uniform convergence of sequences of functions, Taylor's theorem, term-by-term differentiation of power series; integration in real n-dimensional space: Riemann integrability, Fubini's theorem for continuous functions on rectangles, term-by-term integration of power series.
Prereq: One of (MATH 128 with at least 70%), (MATH 138 with at least 60%), MATH 148.
Coreq: (MATH 235 or 245) and MATH 237.
Antireq: MATH 247

 
PMATH 334 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 007662
Introduction to Rings and Fields with Applications
Rings, ideals, factor rings, homomorphisms, finite and infinite fields, polynomials and roots, field extensions, algebraic numbers, and applications, for example, to Latin squares, finite geometries, geometrical constructions, error-correcting codes.
Prereq: MATH 235 or 245.

 
PMATH 336 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 007663
Introduction to Group Theory with Applications
Groups, permutation groups, subgroups, homomorphisms, symmetry groups in two and three dimensions, direct products, Polya-Burnside enumeration.
Prereq: MATH 235 or 245.

 
PMATH 340 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 007664
Elementary Number Theory
An elementary approach to the theory of numbers; the Euclidean algorithm, congruence equations, multiplicative functions, solutions to Diophantine equations, continued fractions, and rational approximations to real numbers.
[Note: PMATH 440 may be substituted for PMATH 340 whenever the latter is a requirement in an Honours plan.]
Prereq: MATH 225 or 135 or 145

 
PMATH 343 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 007665
Introduction to the Mathematics of Quantum Information
Finite dimensional normed vector spaces and inner product spaces. Positive and normal operators, the spectral theorem, and singular value decomposition. Tensor products, finite dimensional C* algebras, and the GNS representation. Completely positive maps, Stinespring's theorem, the Choi-Jamiolkowski isomorphism, and the Choi-Krauss representation. Entanglement and the Bell and Tsirelson inequalities. Vector states and density matrices, quantum channels, observables, and quantum measurement.
Prereq: (MATH 235 or 245) and (AMATH/PMATH 331 or MATH 247 or PMATH 333).
Antireq: PMATH 399 taken Winter 2019

 
PMATH 347 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 014182
Groups and Rings
Groups, subgroups, homomorphisms and quotient groups, isomorphism theorems, group actions, Cayley and Lagrange theorems, permutation groups, Sylow theorems, and the fundamental theorem of finite abelian groups. Elementary properties of rings, subrings, ideals, homomorphisms and quotients, isomorphism theorems, and polynomial rings.
Prereq: MATH 235 or 245

 
PMATH 348 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 014183
Fields and Galois Theory
Unique factorization domains, Gauss's lemma, and Eisenstein's criterion. Fields, algebraic and transcendental extensions, minimal polynomials, splitting fields, and the structure of finite fields. Galois theory. Solvable groups and the insolvability of the quintic.
Prereq: PMATH 347

 
PMATH 351 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 007669
Real Analysis
Normed and metric spaces, open sets, continuous mappings, sequence and function spaces, completeness, contraction mappings, compactness of metric spaces, finite-dimensional normed spaces, Arzela-Ascoli theorem, existence of solutions of differential equations, Stone-Weierstrass theorem.
Prereq: MATH 247 or PMATH 333

 
PMATH 352 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 007672
Complex Analysis
Analytic functions, Cauchy-Riemann equations, Goursat's theorem, Cauchy's theorems, Morera's theorem, Liouville's theorem, maximum modulus principle, harmonic functions, Schwarz's lemma, isolated singularities, Laurent series, residue theorem.
Prereq: MATH 247 or PMATH 333

 
PMATH 365 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 003325
Differential Geometry
Submanifolds of Euclidean n-space; vector fields and differential forms; integration on submanifolds and Stokes's Theorem; metrics and geodesics; Gauss-Bonnet Theorem.
Prereq: (MATH 235 or 245) and (MATH 237 or 247)

 
PMATH 370 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 009496
Chaos and Fractals
The mathematics of iterated functions, properties of discrete dynamical systems, Mandelbrot and Julia sets.
[Note: Programming experience on one computer language with graphical output is recommended.]
Prereq: (One of MATH 118, 119, 128, 138, 148) and (One of MATH 114, 115, 136, 146, 225)

 
PMATH 399 RDG 0.50
Course ID: 007680
Readings in Pure Mathematics
Reading course as announced by the Department.

 

PMATH 400s


PMATH 432 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 007687
First Order Logic and Computability
The concepts of formal provability and logical consequence in first order logic are introduced, and their equivalence is proved in the soundness and completeness theorems. Goedel's incompleteness theorem is discussed, making use of the halting problem of computability theory. Relative computability and the Turing degrees are further studied.
Prereq: PMATH 347

 
PMATH 433 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 012623
Model Theory and Set Theory
Model theory: the semantics of first order logic including the compactness theorem and its consequences, elementary embeddings and equivalence, the theory of definable sets and types, quantifier elimination, and omega-stability. Set theory: well-orderings, ordinals, cardinals, Zermelo-Fraenkel axioms, axiom of choice, informal discussion of classes and independence results.
[Note: PMATH 348 is highly recommended.]
Prereq: PMATH 347

 
PMATH 440 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 007690
Analytic Number Theory
Summation methods, analytic theory of the Riemann zeta function, Prime Number Theorem, primitive roots, quadratic reciprocity. Dirichlet characters and infinitude of primes in arithmetic progressions, and assorted topics.
Prereq: PMATH 352

 
PMATH 441 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 007691
Algebraic Number Theory
An introduction to algebraic number theory; unique factorization, Dedekind domains, class numbers, Dirichlet's unit theorem, solutions of Diophantine equations.
Prereq: PMATH 348

 
PMATH 445 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 014184
Representations of Finite Groups
Basic definitions and examples: subrepresentations and irreducible representations, tensor products of representations. Character theory. Representations as modules over the group ring, Artin-Wedderburn structure theorem for semisimple rings. Induced representations, Frobenius reciprocity, Mackey's irreducibility criterion.
Prereq: PMATH 347

 
PMATH 446 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 014185
Introduction to Commutative Algebra
Module theory: classification of finitely generated modules over PIDs, exact sequences and tensor products, algebras, localisation, chain conditions. Primary decomposition, integral extensions, Noether's normalisation lemma, and Hilbert's Nullstellensatz.
Prereq: PMATH 348

 
PMATH 450 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 007674
Lebesgue Integration and Fourier Analysis
Lebesgue measure on the line, the Lebesgue integral, monotone and dominated convergence theorems, Lp-spaces: completeness and dense subspaces. Separable Hilbert space, orthonormal bases. Fourier analysis on the circle, Dirichlet kernel, Riemann-Lebesgue lemma, Fejer's theorem, and convergence of Fourier series.
Prereq: PMATH 351 with a grade of at least of 60%

 
PMATH 451 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 003348
Measure and Integration
General measures, measurability, Caratheodory Extension theorem and construction of measures, integration theory, convergence theorems, Lp-spaces, absolute continuity, differentiation of monotone functions, Radon-Nikodym theorem, product measures, Fubini's theorem, signed measures, Urysohn's lemma, Riesz Representation theorems for classical Banach spaces.
Prereq: PMATH 450 with a grade of at least 60%

 
PMATH 453 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 003349
Functional Analysis
Banach and Hilbert spaces, bounded linear maps, Hahn-Banach theorem, open mapping theorem, closed graph theorem, topologies, nets, Hausdorff spaces, Tietze extension theorem, dual spaces, weak topologies, Tychonoff's theorem, Banach-Alaoglu theorem, reflexive spaces.
Prereq: PMATH 450

 
PMATH 464 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 010733
Introduction to Algebraic Geometry
An introduction to algebraic geometry through the theory of algebraic curves. General algebraic geometry: affine and projective algebraic sets, Hilbert's Nullstellensatz, co-ordinate rings, polynomial maps, rational functions and local rings. Algebraic curves: affine and projective plane curves, tangency and multiplicity, intersection numbers, Bezout's theorem and divisor class groups.
Prereq: PMATH 348

 
PMATH 465 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 003350
Smooth Manifolds
Point-set topology; smooth manifolds, smooth maps, and tangent vectors; the tangent and cotangent bundles; vector fields, tensor fields, and differential forms; Stokes's theorem; integral curves, Lie derivatives, the Frobenius theorem; de Rham cohomology.
Prereq: PMATH 365

 
PMATH 467 LEC 0.50
Course ID: 007704
Algebraic Topology
Topological spaces and topological manifolds; quotient spaces; cut and paste constructions; classification of two-dimensional manifolds; fundamental group; homology groups. Additional topics may include: covering spaces; homotopy theory; selected applications to knots and combinatorial group theory.
Prereq: PMATH 347, 351.

 
PMATH 499 RDG 0.50
Course ID: 007706
Readings in Pure Mathematics
Reading course as announced by the Department.